"Anatomy" household LED lamps, see what functions each component has? There is a famous saying: optics are the soul of lamps. So the question is, what do we use to shape the soul of LED lamps? What are the advantages and disadvantages of common LED optical devices?

1. LED chip and power driver

1. LED chip

The light source of LED lamps is a chip, which is a solid-state semiconductor device, also known as LED light-emitting chip, which is the core component of LED lamps. With the rapid development of LED technology and the gradual improvement of LED light efficiency, the application of LED will become more and more extensive. Whether it is high-power LED chips for accent lighting and overall lighting, or low-power LED chips for decorative lighting and some simple auxiliary lighting, LEDs have achieved a huge breakthrough in luminous efficiency.

And chips of different brands vary greatly in price and quality. So why should a lamp choose a good chip? Because this determines whether a lamp can have the advantages of high luminous efficiency, high color rendering index, and low calorific value. A good lamp is usually expensive in the chip. And inferior chips will inevitably affect the life of lamps. If your newly bought light always needs to be "changed every year", it means that the chip is not good.

2. Drive power

LED drive power is a power converter that converts the power supply into a specific voltage and current to drive LED light. Usually, the input of LED drive power includes high-voltage power frequency AC (ie 220V mains), low-voltage DC, high-voltage DC, low-voltage High frequency AC (such as the output of electronic transformers), etc.

The driving power supply is also a key factor that dominates the life of the lamps. Many lamps and lanterns seem to have "no reason" in their own lamp bodies after being scrapped, but in fact, the problem may lie in the driving power supply. The electrolyte inside the poor-quality driving power supply will continue to volatilize a lot over time and under the influence of thermal energy, which will cause premature aging or even damage to the lamps in advance.

At present, the mainstream LED lighting driving power on the market has successfully broken through this level. 8000 hours of continuous work), the life is 4 times that of ordinary power supply. With such a reliable driving power supply, you really don't have to worry about the lights you buy going bad quickly.

2. Optical structure - lens, reflector and heat dissipation structure

1. Lens

The LED lens is divided into a primary lens and a secondary lens. The "lens" we generally refer to is a secondary lens by default, that is, outside the light sources such as LED lamp beads and COB, and is closely combined with it. According to different requirements, different lenses can be used to achieve the desired optical effect. At present, the main material of LED lens on the market is PMMA, which has good plasticity and high light transmittance (up to 93%). The disadvantage is that the temperature resistance is relatively low, only about 90 degrees. At present, the main secondary lenses on the market are generally designed with total internal reflection (TIR for short), and the lens is designed with a penetrating condensing light in front of it.

, and the conical surface can collect and reflect all the side light, and the overlapping of these two kinds of light can get perfect light utilization and beautiful spot effect. The efficiency of TIR lens can reach more than 90%, mainly used in small-angle lamps (beam angle <60°), such as spotlights, ceiling lights.

2. Reflector

Usually, the light-emitting angle of the LED light source is about 120°. In order to achieve the desired optical effect, the luminaire sometimes uses a reflector to control the light distance, light area, and light spot effect. Simulate the light-emitting angle of the reflector light source and the spatial structure of the LED reflector through computer modeling, trace the refraction trajectory of the light, and adjust the technical parameters of the curvature of the light cup to achieve the best light intensity distribution of the flashlight reflector and the light cup to various beams. The functional requirements of the corners greatly improve the light efficiency of the LED reflector and reduce the possibility of astigmatism and glare.

3. Reflector material

Metal reflector: It needs to be stamped and polished, and has deformation memory. It has the advantages of low cost and temperature resistance. It is often used in lamps with low-end lighting requirements.

Plastic reflector: One-time demoulding, high optical precision, no deformation memory, moderate cost, commonly used in lamps with low temperature and high-end lighting requirements.

4. Radiator:

In the process of continuously turning on the lamp, a large amount of heat will be generated. If it is not discharged in time, the heat energy accumulated in the lamp will damage the LED chip and even various components, causing light decay and shortening the service life. This is the task that the radiator needs to solve - to remove heat in time.

At present, the radiators with ideal heat dissipation effect on the market are mainly "die-casting" (that is, radiators pressed out of molds), and cold-forged integrated radiators (made of higher-pressure aluminum cold-pressed, which are the current new generation of radiators). Premium cooling technology). In terms of heat dissipation performance, it is 30% higher than the traditional split radiator (a seamless connection between the aluminum substrate and the radiator is achieved, and the thermal conductivity is greatly improved), which can ensure a longer life of the LED lamps.